苏州环球教育发现，很多同学在分析阅读定位句时，对于句子结构简单、同义转述明显的词查找速度很快，但涉及到长难句分析时，速度和答题准确率相对较低。今天针对雅思阅读中定位句中的状语和状语从句，为大家分析一下，如何提主干、分析成分。

首先，要明确长难句分析步骤。很多同学只是对长难句进行通读翻译，一来浪费时间、二来很难抓住句子主干。分析长难句可以大致分为三步：1.找标点逗号；2.找连词、介词或分词；3.定主语。精读时，尽量做到能将句子根据不同的成分和意群划分为主句、从句。以C8T4P2为例，“By the mid-1960s, the situation took an alarming turn with the outbreakof four more new pests, necessitating pesticide spraying to such an extent that50% of the financial outlay on cotton production was accounted for bypesticides.” 根据逗号和介词短语with the outbreak of….和现在分词necessitating...可以确定主句为the situation took an alarming turn，剩下的By the mid-1960s为时间状语，with the outbreak of four more new pests和necessitating pesticide…为伴随状语。但是necessitating pesticide…这个现在分词短语中包括结果状语从句引导词such....that..所以还可以细分。因此这句话如果严格按照成分划分，可以断句为如下：

那么长难句分析如何与解题结合呢？以C4T1P2第26题为例，“Which of the senses is best developed in cetaceans?”，根据cetaceans定位到最后一段：“Although the senses of taste and smellappear to have deteriorated, and vision in water appears to be uncertain, suchweaknesses are more than compensated for by cetaceans’ well-developed acousticsense.” 首先通过标点和并列连词and可以确定该句主句在最后，再次根据although表示转折的含义推测出从句和主句内容相反。从句中的 senses of taste and smell和vision都是一些发育不良的感官，主句中的acoustic sense即为答案。

此外，要注意从状语从句引导词的意思着手。9大状语从句常见的引导词最起码要做到见到英文能迅速想出中文含义。以C7T1P2第21题为例，“Water use per person is higher in the industrial world than it was inAncient Rome.”。比较对象industrial world和Ancient Rome为定位词，比较内容higher...than为考点词。根据Ancient Rome定位到第一段末句“At the heightof the Roman Empire，nine major systems，with an innovative layout of pipes and well-built sewers，supplied the occupants of Rome with as much water per person as isprovided in many parts of the industrial world today. ” 定位句as much as表示和..一样多，和题干中的higher than矛盾。例子中是比较常用的状语从句引导词，平时积累过程中，也要留意一些相对不太常见但也比较重要的连词，如：in that/ now that因为，providing (that)如果，as/so long as只要等。

很多学生觉得精读阅读重要的文章和句子、分析成分并理解意思，非常消耗时间。经验表明，当以正确的方法分析200句以上长难句，自身的阅读水平会得到较大提高。苏州环球教育建议将精读和泛读结合，高分指日可待。