众所周知，雅思听力中，同义替换是重中之重，在这儿分析几大经典套路，让你分分钟搞定雅思听力“摸不着头脑”的窘境。

　　套路一)语义方面

　　1)同义词的变换

　　这是最常见、最简略的。同学们在平常的单词学习时能够适当地使用归类回忆法，把能表示同类意思的单词放在一同回忆。例如consist of，可以用be made up of、be composed of、contains等等。这一类的词比重也是最多的。

　　更多总结如下：

　　优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength

　　缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness

　　使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle

　　重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative

　　认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced

　　保护：Protect, conserve, preserve

　　确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge

　　有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental

　　要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition

　　消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away

　　导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate

　　因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this

　　增长至：Grow to, rise to, increase to, go up to, climb to, ascend to, jump to, shoot to

　　降低至：Dip to, fall to, decline to, decrease to, drop to, go down to, reduce to, slump to, descend to, sink to, slide to

　　保持稳定：Level out, do not change, remain stable, remain still, remain steady, be stable, maintain the same level, remain unchanged, be still, remain the same level, stay constant, keep at the same level, level off, stabilize, keep its stability, even out

　　急剧地：Dramatically, drastically, sharply, hugely, enormously, steeply, substantially, considerably, significantly, markedly, surprisingly, strikingly, radically, remarkably, vastly, noticeably

　　明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear

　　占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose

　　与…相比：Compared with, compared to, in comparison with, in comparison to, by comparison with, by comparison to

　　对比而言：By contrast, in contrast, on the other hand, on the contrary, conversely

　　展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe

　　大约：Approximately, almost, about, around, nearly, roughly

　　波动：Fluctuate, go ups and downs, display a fluctuation, demonstrate a fluctuation

　　事实上：Practically, in practice, essentially, in essence, in reality, in effect, in fact, as a matter of fact, it is a fact that

　　换言之：Namely, that is to say, in other words, to put it like this, to put it differently, to put it from another way, to put it from another angle

　　2)举例式的同义变换

　　举例式的变换是指题干中出现一个较大的或许较笼统的概念，而听力原文中把这一概念具体化，用一个通俗易懂的例子来替代。以前的考题这样的考法非常罕见，但就近几年的考题来说，出题人更希望考生能够听懂并理解一段例子是如何阐述的，要求也随之提高不少。当然，举例的同意变化也少不了对词的判断反应。

　　3)同义词组的替换。

　　例如：题目中的main attraction 在听力原文中可能是以you can’t miss particularly 来表达的; 又如， at the time=in the past, aim at= in order to, high labour turnover=high rate of staff change等常考的词组，请同学们注意总结 。

　　同时，这里也包括数字替换——句子解释数词

　　例如：25-31 January

　　录音原文 they’ve put it at the end of the month.

　　日期区间1月25号到31号被描述成月末

　　套路二)语法方面

　　1)词性的变换

　　词性的变换首要是几种常见和常用的词性之间的变换，如名词，动词，形容词和副词等。比如：benefit变成beneficial，flexibility变成flexible等等。

　　2)语态的变换

　　语态的变换首要是被动语态和自动语态的变换。这种同义变换的形式难度稍大，由于这需求学生对题干的语法和语义了解得较为透彻，才能够比较精确地在原文中定位到答案。

　　3)句型的变换

　　考生遇到最多的句型转换包含主动变被动，或者说用了不同的连词将句子的结构进行了调整或者前后颠倒。比如说 Since …, …和… because …这两个都是我们比较熟悉的表示因果关系的句型，这些间的区别为前一个是since引导原因，而后面一个则是because引导原因，因此有了前后顺序颠倒的状况出现。因此考生需要更加注意句型的转换。

　　套路三)句子方面

　　解释型替换即用句子来解释词或短语的情况。这种同义替换需要同学们对句子有整体理解，对听句子和语法能力要求高一些，如果仅能听到或理解一部分词，将很难应对。

　　例如：剑十test2section2 12题

　　What is unusual about Brackenside pool?

　　原文内容：such as a recycling system – the only one of its kind in the world…

　　题干中unusual(与众不同的)在原文中被描述成世界唯一，属于句子解释单词的情况。

　　考生在做题时如遇到某到题目题干原文关键词的替换出现，则应提高警惕，不要总是想当然得认为原文中一定会出现题目中的原文。考生需要经过大量习题来操练，留意哪些地方简单出现同义替换，是怎样进行变换的，最好能够记录下来，之后进行比对和反思。持之以恒这样做，不仅能扩大自己的词汇量，也有助于了解命题者的思路和常见的圈套，做到“知己知彼，百战不殆”。下次再遇到相似的题目，脑中就能马上浮现之前出现过的“记忆”。